Battery Management System (BMS)

 

It's time to get to the massive stuff we discussed briefly in our previous article. Battery management system or BMS is taken into consideration to be the brain of a battery p.C. It is a circuit combined with a procedure that monitors the voltage, current, and Temperature of the cells in a battery percent and ensures overall performance and protection of the person cells in a battery percent. It is also chargeable for balance charging, SOC and SOH measurement of the cells, and other vital capabilities. Let us look into what they do.

"How to locate the amount of rate left in the battery?"

State of Charge (SOC)

State of Custody or SOC is one of the maximum vital parameters to be unhurried in a battery. As we saw earlier, values from the Ah of the battery can't be used to determine how much potential is left in a mortar. Only if we calculate this SOC will we tell the person how plenty price is left inside the battery. This is because SOC tells us how much of the charge is left in a mortar. Imagine how hard it is for your telephone when it has no information approximately battery percent.

Measuring the potential of a battery isn't as easy as measuring the voltage across its terminals, as many humans think many factors affect the capability of a storm, including rate cycles, Temperature, discharge quotes, etc. However, there are many approaches in which this can be completed; the generally used one is the Columb counting method. We will talk about how that is achieved in a separate article.

SOC = Total fee Input / Maximum Capacity

Depth of Discharge (DOD)

Depth of Discharge (DOD) is the alternative to SOC. While SOC tells us how much percent of the rate is closing, the DOD tells us how an awful lot of the charge is consumed in the battery.

State of Health (SOH)

The capacity of a battery lowers as it takes a while; this will lessen the variety the EV ought to cover. We can only understand while changing the storm if we maintain the aging song. The price at which an EV takes a long time additionally depends on the operating temperature of the C-charge underneath which the battery is operated, price cycles, and many others. State of fitness measures the battery's health by considering its growing older factor. The similarly it ages, the decrease will be the battery's health.

Cell balancing

Cell balancing is any other essential mission performed by the BMS, as we recognize more than one cell might be combined in collection or parallel to form a battery %. The cell voltage of all of the cells must usually be the same; for example, in a % of 4 18650 cells connected in series, the voltage across all cells should be identical. Else cell with decreased voltage might be over-discharged, and the cell with higher voltage could be overcharged. To save you, this BMS plays something called Cell balancing; it detects the cells with higher voltages and discharges them till the capacity fits with its neighbors.

Cell Safety

Apart from this, the BMS also guarantees environmental and electrical protection of the mobile. It monitors the fever of the cells and controls the cooling system gift inside the BMS. For example, the Tesla Model S has a runny cooling system (Glycol) within the Battery Pack which is managed with the aid of the BMS. The coolant, not the handiest, cools the battery and heats it as much as the nominal Temperature if required during the winters.

With this, we have reached the cease of the thing but defiantly not the case with what can be learned about EV batteries. So, if you want to be an expert, that is where you just get started. There is much more to examine, like battery Modeling, BMS layout, Battery Testing protocols, etc. However, allow's have these types of for a distinctive article. I agree that this fact became beneficial and has sparked the hobby in you to recognize more powerful approximately EV batteries and how it works. So let me realize your mind inside the remark section and permit's meet in some other thrilling article on Electric automobiles.